Ka jingtip lyngkot shaphang ka Dulir Ia Soh India jong ka Jaidbynriew

INSTRUMENT OF ACCESSION & ANNEXED AGREEMENT (IOA & AA), STANDSTILL AGREEMENT BAD KA INSTRUMENT OF MERGER JONG KA JAIDBYNRIEW

Katkum ki jingthoh na ki kot histori, ka sorkar Bilat ka la sdang ban synshar ia ka Ri India naduh u snem 1758 lyngba ka East India Company kaba dei ka kompani shimet kaba na Ri Bilat bad hadien katto katne snem la shimti noh hi da ka sorkar phareng (British- Crown Rule). Kat dang mih ki sngi ka sorkar phareng ka la nang khlaiñ bun bun shah ban ia kiwei kiwei ki Hima rit Hima ria bad tad haduh ki snem 1830, ka sorkar phareng ka la wan hiar sha Ri Khasi (ka Ri kaba laitluid lyngba ka jingsynshar jong ki syiem) hapoh ka jingialam u David Scott ban iaid lynti sha Ri Sylhet (Bangladesh). Dei ha kine ki snem, naduh 1830 haduh 1864, ka Jaidbynriew kam shym la aili da kaba suk ia ki dohlieh, bad ka jaidbynriew hynniewtrep lyngba ki nongialam kum U Syiem Tirot Sing Syiemlieh, U Kiang Nangbah, bad ter ter, ki la ai jingsneng ia ka sorkar Dohlieh na ka por sha ka por khlem pyndem haduh ka jingiap. Hynrei namar ba ka sorkar phareng ka la khlain bor palat ryngkat ka jingbun paid da kaba khot bad pynrung shipai ia ki Khar Bangali, Khar Sikhs, Khar Korkhali, Khar Rajput, Khar Bihari bad kiwei kiwei, ka la jop thma bad kurup jubor ia ki Hima Khasi. Wat la ka sorkar phareng ka jop da kaba suk, hynrei ka iatynjuh bor ki dohlieh bad ki Hima Khasi, ka la pynsah jingkynmaw ia ki jingshlur, jing len lade bad jinglong bym pyndem jong ki nongialam ka Jaidbynriew, wat ha ki bor ba radbah jong ka pyrthei. Shuh shuh wat la kata ruh, ka sorkar phareng kam shym la pynduh ne pynjah noh ia ka synshar ka khaddar trai ri hangne ha Ri Khasi, bad malu mala ka dang ai lad bad  ka dang ithuh ia ka rukom synshar laitluid ha la la ki hima Khasi.

Hadien da ki spah snem ka rukom synshar ha baroh ka Ri India, ka sorkar nongwei ka la sngewthuh shai ba kam lah ban synshar sah ia ka Ri India na kiba bun ki daw bad dei hangne ka sorkar Bilat ka la shim ka sien jam bad ka la pynkhreh ban ai jinglaitluid ia ka Ri India bad ki Princely States (Ki Hima laitluid) lyngba ka ain Government of India Act jong u snem 1935. Dei ha kane ka Act la thoh shai shaphang ka Instrument of Accession (IoA) lane ka Dulir Ia soh bad la sdang ban pyndonkam ia ka naduh u snem ka jingai laitluid (Nailar 1947). Dei lyngba kane ka Act, U syiem khynnah U Wickliffe Syiem kum u syiem uba lah ju im ban pule bad trei shabar ka Ri bad uwei na ki Syiem u ba la kham stad u sngewthuh bad iohi jngai ba ka sorkar phareng kan sa ieh noh ia ka jingsynshar ia ka Ri India hadien ha bud bad kan don ka jingeh ia ka Hima jong u. Kumta mar mar hadien ka jingphet noh ka sorkar phareng u la pynbna laidluid ia ka Hima Nongstoin kum ka Ri ba laitluid bad la sdang ban shna thymmai ia ka Riti Synshar kum ka Ri ba laitluid. Hynrei ha pdeng ka jingbunkam bad ka jingrit paid, ha kum kata ka por ki shipai India ki la ker kut bad pynbor ia u Sngap Sing Syiem u kñi jong u Wickliffe Syiem ban soi jubor ia ka Instrument of Accession & Annexed Agreement (IoA & AA) lane ka Dulir Iasoh India & ka soskular ia teh ne ki kyndon ia soh.

Ha u snem 1947, ka sorkar Bilat ka la pynbna ban ieh noh ia ka rukom synshar bad ban ai jinglaitluid sha ka India bad Pakistan, bad ka la batai shai ruh ba ia ki Hima laitluid (princely states) kiba don kumba haduh 600 tylli tam, lada ki treh ban iasoh lang sha ka Ri India ne sha ka Pakistan, kin hap ban soi ia ka Dulir Iasoh (IoA& AA) bad lada kim treh ka shong ha ka mon jong ki bad kin lah ban long kiba laitluid hi ban shynshar ialade dalade hi. Ha kitei ki snem, naduh ba synshar ka sorkar dohlieh, ka Assam ka dei kawei na ki Province kaba khmih ia baroh ki Hima rit jong ka thain shatei lamihngi. Phewse, tang shu ieh ka sorkar phareng ha u snem 1947, ka sorkar India hapoh ka jingialam u Jawaharlal Nehru lyngba u tnad ialam, u Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, bad ban pynheh ia u pud u sam ka India bad ha kajuh ka por ka India ban ia pyni bor bad ka Pakistan (bad East Pakistan/ Bangladesh), ka sorkar u Jahawalal Nehru ka pynbor ia shibun ki Hima laitluid ban ia soh jubor sha ka India bad kane ka la leh kumjuh ia ki Hima Khasi.

Hadien ka jingphah soi jubor ia ki Syiem Khasi da kaba pynap da ki shipai bad ktang suloi, ka synrop ki hima Khasi hapoh ka lama jong ka Federation of Khasi States ki la leit aiti ia ka Dulir Iasoh ba tang shipor ban don hapoh ka jylli ka Ri India bad la pdiang ia kane ka Dulir da u Lat jong ka Assam (Governor-General), u C. Rajagopalachari.

Bad ha ka thup ban rung sha ka jylli ba pura jong ka Ri India, ki Syiem Khasi ki hap ban soi sa ia ka Dulir longdoh long snam kata ka dei ka Instrument of Merger. Hynrei, katkum ki jingthoh bad jingkynthoh na ki riew pawkhmat bad ki riew shemphang la iathuh ba ha shwa ban ban soi ia kane ka Dulir Instrument of Merger, ki Syiem Khasi ki la soi shwa ia ka soskular ban pyrkhat kaba ki khot ka Standstill Agreement ha u snem 1948.

Kaba mut ba ka Standstill Agreement ka dei ka soskular ban pyrkhat srsien la ki hima ki la tikna ne em ban iasoh lang bad ka Ri India. Bad lada kim pat tikna, ki hima ki lah ban weng ne ki lah ban ai ia ki daw khnang ban ioh kynthup hapoh ka Dulir Iasoh, Instument of Accession (IoA). Niuma, kumba phah soi jubor ia ka Instrument of Accession, ka sorkar u Nehru kam burom ruh ia ka Standstill Agreement, bad tang hadien katto katne por la rat dyngkhong, la pyndam pyndam noh hi ia ka ha ka 9 tarik u Nailar 1948 bad la pynlong doh long snam jubor khlem da soi ia ka Instrument of Merger ruh.

Shuh shuh khnang ban ia tip lang, ki kyndon hapoh kane jong ka Dulir Iasoh ki pher na kawei ka hima sha kawei pat. Nuksa, ki kyndon jong ka Dulir jong ka Kashmir ki pher na jong kiwei pat ki Hima. Ha ka jingshisha ka Dulir Iasoh ka shong beit ha ki Syiem lane ki nongsynshar ban buh ki kyndon lada ki kwah, bad kin sah hi kiba laitluid lada kim kwah ban iasoh. Ha kajuh ka por, ka sorkar India ka thrang dik dik ban pynheh pud, bad ka pan ban pyniaid ruh tang ka ki kam iada Ri (Defense), ki kam bar Ri (External Affair) bad ki kam ia kren ia khana (communication).

Ha kaba iadei jong ki Hima Khasi bad katba katkum ka jingthoh naka White Paper ba la pynmih da ka sorkar India, ki kyndon hapoh ka Dulir Iasoh jong ka Khasi States (Instrument of Accession on Khasi States) ki long ban don la ka jong ka iing kashari kaba khot ka Federal Court, ka rukom pyniaid ia ka khajna (Excise Duty), ki khlaw ki btap (Forest), ka khyndew ka shyiap (Land), kan don la ka jong ka pla tyngka (Revenue) bad ban thaw ain katkum ka jingdonkam jong ka Jaidbynriew (Legislation).

Lehse ka jaidbynriew ka la klet ia kane ka jingshisha ne lehse ngim shem la tip bniah shaphang kane namar ia ka mynnor hi la hikai ia ngi da ka histori jong kiwei bad ym da ka jong ngi ngi. Bad haba phai sha ka juk mynta, kum u dkhot ka jaidbynriew la i donkam ban pynim biang bad ban iaid da ka lynti kaba dei, ym da kaba jubor ne ka lynti beaiñ bad kumba ngi lah iohi ia ki jingjia ha ka history ka pyni ba lada ymlah ban pynbeit noh ia kine ki kam lehjubor ka sorkar India ia ki Hima Khasi ka jingialeh kan ym kut shuh namar na kawei ka pateng sha kawei ka pateng la nang thnam ki jingia umsnam  ba shyrkhei.

Shuh shuh ym lah khlem da ai khublei ia u Bah John F Kharshiing uba ialeh met bad mynsiem ban pynim biang ia katei ka dulir bad ngi ngeit skhem ba ka jingialeh jong u tei u riew rangbah kan long kaba jop, ym ba kan shu kut noh ha shiteng por ne ban pynbakla noh ia ka History ba shisha jong ka jaidbynriew Khasi.